Investing for Middle-Term Goals

Most people have a two-pronged approach to meeting their financial goals: save for the short-term, invest for the long-term.   

Near-future goals like replenishing your emergency fund or taking a trip tend to be top of mind and funded easily enough through a traditional or high-yield savings account. Meanwhile, long-term goals, like retirement, are well-suited for investment accounts designed to grow over decades.  

While both of these are smart financial strategies, what about goals that fall somewhere in between? 

Why Focus on Middle-Term Investing? 

Generally, middle-term goals are significant financial milestones expected within the next 5–20 years, such as: 

  • A down payment on a home 
  • Tuition for children 
  • Travel and vacations 
  • Purchasing a new car 
  • Buying a second home 

Keeping these funds in a standard savings account means missing out on potential investment growth. By utilizing the right investment accounts instead, you can take advantage of market growth while maintaining access to your funds when needed. 

What Type of Accounts Work Best for Middle-Term Goals? 

The best choice is often a taxable investment account. Unlike tax-advantaged options like 401(k)s or IRAs, taxable accounts let you access your money anytime without restrictions. While you’ll need to pay taxes on earnings, these accounts offer greater flexibility, making them great for medium-term investing. 

A popular option is a brokerage account, where you can deposit money with a licensed brokerage that handles trades and investing for you, but you still own your investments and will need to report any capital gains when filing your taxes. 

Your financial advisor can help you navigate the nuances of taxable accounts, but in general, they offer a balance of investment growth and liquidity—making them a strong fit for funding middle-term goals. 

How to Get Started 

Starting a middle-term investment strategy is straightforward: 

  1. Identify your middle-term goals. Determine what financial milestones you want to achieve in the next 5–20 years. 
  1. Consult a financial advisor. A professional can help you select the right investment approach based on your goals and risk tolerance. 
  1. Review your existing accounts. Assess your current financial situation and determine how much you can allocate toward middle-term investments. 
  1. Set up automatic contributions. Consistently adding funds to your investment account can help build momentum and ensure progress toward your goals. 

If you’re ready to explore investing options for your middle-term goals, our team at Commas can determine the right fit for your specific situation and help you get started.

How to Start an Emergency Fund

An emergency fund is a safety net. While we hope to never fall, it’s there to catch us when life’s unexpected challenges arise. An emergency fund provides a comfortable cushion for your family during a crisis and is the foundation of any financial plan. Here we’ll answer all your questions about where, when, why, and how to start an emergency fund.

Why should I have an emergency fund?  

We can all think of countless “life happens” scenarios in which we incur unexpected expenses. Some may be life-changing (like the loss of a job), while others may be relatively minor annoyances (like dropping your cell phone in the bathtub). The key takeaway is that crises are a part of life for everyone. Having an emergency fund gives you peace of mind, knowing that when the unexpected happens, you’ll be prepared to handle it. 

Having a comfortable emergency fund in place also helps you avoid racking up credit card debt to pay for an unexpected expense or cover a period of lost income. This is especially important if you already carry debt.   

How much money should I keep in my emergency fund?  

We recommend keeping 3-6 months’ worth of your fixed expenses in an emergency fund. Target three months of expenses if you are a dual-income household. Err on the side of six months of expenses if you are a one-income household. You’ll also want to target six months if you are a business owner, and your income is variable or unpredictable.   

Looking at your monthly fixed expenses will help you set a goal and start saving towards that goal. Some websites offer online calculators to help you determine your target amount for your emergency fund.   

How do I start an emergency fund?  

Starting an emergency fund is like any other savings goal: Decide your target amount, then strategize how to get there. Consider a variety of saving strategies, such as directing one-time income (like a holiday gift or tax refund) toward your emergency fund, setting up automatic contributions from your checking account to your emergency account, or establishing a habit of saving on a routine basis.   

Where do I keep my emergency fund savings?  

You have a few options as to where to keep your emergency fund:   

Cash

We’ve all heard the stereotypical “cash in the mattress” anecdote. And some people do like to keep their emergency fund in cash in their homes. While you do have very immediate access to your fund—a benefit for some people—there is no opportunity for your money to grow and it isn’t as secure as it would be in a bank or investment account.

Bank account

Keeping your emergency fund in a checking or savings account offers easy access through a debit card or to pay off your credit card, but it typically earns little to no interest.

High-yield savings account

This is generally where we recommend our clients keep their emergency fund. A high-yield savings account is an FDIC-insured savings account offered through an online bank. The funds take 1-2 business days to transfer to your checking account, with some banks even offering same-day transfers. You will be paid interest by the bank on your balance, and it will be much higher than what a traditional brick-and-mortar bank would pay.

Conservative investment account

“Conservative” in this sense means the account is more heavily allocated towards bonds than it is stocks. With this setup, the account is invested, and it can lose value, even with the conservative allocation. The funds will take 4-5 business days, on average, to reach your checking account in the event you ever need money. However, the market can reward you, and this offers the highest growth potential of all the emergency fund options.

When should I start my emergency fund?  

There’s no time like the present! Having an emergency fund is the first step in any prudent financial plan. Having the cash to cover emergency expenses provides peace of mind while you work towards bigger financial goals.

If you want help budgeting for emergency savings, setting up an emergency fund, or simply getting started with a personalized financial plan, our team at Commas can help.

Financial New Year’s Resolutions: 10 Goals for 2025

The clean slate of a new year often comes with fresh motivation to meet our goals—whether that means reading more, getting in shape, or spending more quality time with loved ones. For some, these goals revolve around a particularly stressful topic: finances. While setting financial new year’s resolutions can feel daunting and complicated, the long-term return and peace of mind is well worth the effort.

To get you started, we’ve compiled a few tips from our team to reduce mental stress and help your financial life run like a well-oiled machine this year. Here are ten financial new year’s resolutions for your 2025:

Get better at budgeting. 

The key to budgeting is tracking and understanding your spending habits. Once you understand your habits, you can make incremental changes to meet your goals. When doubt, use the 50-30-20 rule. That is, you should allocate 50% of your budget to essentials, 30% for discretionary expenses, and 20% to savings.   

Max out your 401K contributions. 

While this is easier said than done, we recommend prioritizing these contributions as much as you’re able. At a minimum, you want to be contributing enough to get the full match from your employer. If possible, try to max out your 401k or employer plan at the annual limit ($23,500 for 2025).   

Automate your savings. 

Set up your accounts so that part of your paycheck automatically goes to a savings or investment account before you have a chance to spend it. You might also consider setting up different savings accounts for different goals. For example, an emergency fund account (which should be a top priority) can be separate from your vacation planning account.   

Update your estate plan and will. 

Ensuring your estate plan and will are up-to-date relieves the burden of making difficult decisions in a crisis. If estate planning feels overwhelming, don’t worry. Your Commas advisor can help you get connected to the right resources and ensure you have beneficiaries where appropriate. In the meantime, start small by creating a list of your personal and financial information and accounts, as well as your passwords, and put them all in a secure place.  

Pay attention to what conversations you have about finances. 

Every household’s approach to their finances is different. Whether you manage your finances individually or have shared accounts with another person (or people, if you have children), identifying the culture around money in your home can be a good early step in decreasing stress and finding financial peace of mind.  

Try asking yourself these questions:

  • What truly matters most to me, and how well do my financial decisions support those priorities? 
  • How do I/we make decisions about spending, saving, and giving, and what does that reveal about my/our shared priorities and values? 
  • Do we have open and honest conversations about money, or is it a source of tension in our home? 

For parents: 

If you do have younger children, you might consider using an app like Greenlight to offer an allowance and help them start understanding financial basics like spending, saving, and giving. Getting started young allows your kids to make (and learn from) financial mistakes while the stakes are still low, in a safe environment.  

If your children are teenagers or young adults and require less supervision, conversations will shift to managing money earned at a job, saving for college, or filing taxes. Talking about money with kids of any age shows you’re comfortable discussing finances with them—and opens the door for them to come to you with financial questions.   

Read (or listen to) a great book. 

Use some time this year to explore literature on financial management, investing, and market history. We particularly recommend The Investment Answer, The Opposite of Spoiled, The Psychology of Money, and The Millionaire Next Door.  

Track all your charitable giving. 

With some smart planning, you can increase your charitable giving by using available tax benefits. By taking time to educate yourself on the benefits of charitable giving, you can gift more by gifting smarter.  

Don’t let the content stream overwhelm you. 

With an incredible amount of content and current events coverage more accessible than ever, it’s often difficult to keep panic—or, at least, a constant sense of anxiety—at bay. Today’s financial news might seem urgent, and the markets may fall, but it’s the long-term view that matters most when it comes to investing. We know the markets reward discipline and resilience. Before you act on what you come across on your newsfeed, take a step back and refocus on your end goal.  

Don’t wait until April to do your tax planning. 

Rather than waiting until the last minute to scrounge up paperwork, spend some time thinking ahead about what you’ll need to file your taxes. This mindset may also end up saving you money, as some tax benefits can be gained by taking certain actions prior to December 31.  

Add this bonus financial new year’s resolution: create a file system (if you don’t already have one) to keep your tax paperwork handy throughout the year, especially if you work for yourself or run a business. 

Connect with a financial advisor. 

Financial advisors aren’t just for soon-to-be retirees. In fact, if you’re in the early or middle stages of your career, a relationship with a trusted financial advisor can make a significant difference to your future by helping you circumvent commonly made mistakes and stay on track with your goals. 

Having an experienced professional who can take an objective view of your financial situation and guide you through complicated financial decisions like major purchases, long-term savings, or equity compensation elections can help you make the most of your wealth accumulation years—and provide peace of mind along the way.  

If you have found yourself setting a goal to ‘get your finances in order’ for another consecutive year, it may be a good time to talk with a professional! At Commas, we love to work with people who are motivated to make the most of their income—even if they’re not sure where to start. If that sounds like you, we can help. Let’s talk. 

2024 Year-End Planning Guidelines

As you prepare to say “goodbye” to 2024 and “hello” to 2025, here are a few smart financial planning moves to consider:

1. Make 2024 Contributions to IRAs (Individual Retirement Accounts)
When? Before you file your taxes.

If it’s part of your financial plan, consider “maxing out” your IRA by 12/31. This means contributing the maximum allowable contribution: $7,000 if under age 50, and $8,000 if age 50 or above. If you don’t have the cash flow to contribute by 12/31, don’t worry! Just make sure you do so before you file your taxes next year.

2. Make 2024 Contributions to HSAs (Health Savings Accounts)
When? Before 12/31.

If it’s part of your financial plan, consider “maxing out” your HSA by 12/31. This means contributing the maximum allowable contribution: $4,150 for individual coverage or $8,300 for family coverage. Be sure to include any HSA contributions made by your employer when calculating your eligible contribution amount. If you are not contributing to your HSA via payroll deductions, you have until you file your taxes to make the contribution.

3. Make 2024 Contributions to 529 Education Accounts
When? Before 12/31.

For clients living in and contributing to 529s in states with a state income tax deduction for contributions (like Ohio), be sure to contribute to those plans before 12/31 to claim this year’s deduction.

4. Perform Conversions from Traditional IRA to Roth IRA
When? Before 12/31.

For those that are planning to do the Backdoor Roth strategy, make the conversion from Traditional to Roth IRA by 12/31 in order to incur any applicable tax in the current year. As a Commas client, your advisor will perform the Backdoor Roth Conversion for you on accounts that we manage!

5. Take your Required Minimum Distributions from Retirement Accounts
When? Before 12/31.

If you own a Traditional IRA or 401(k) and you have reached the age of 73, you must take your Required Minimum Distribution by 12/31. If you forget to take the distribution by the deadline, you may be subject to a 25% penalty on the shortfall.

As a Commas client, your advisor will make sure that you’ve taken distributions from the necessary accounts that we manage!

6. Own a Small Business? File the Beneficial Ownership Information Report (BOIR)
When? Before 12/31.

Effective January 1, 2024, all existing and newly created small business entities will be required to file a beneficial ownership report to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) as part of the new Corporate Transparency Act. Please visit https://www.fincen.gov/boi for more information, including information regarding whether your small business entity is required to file, how to file, and a link to the BOIR online filing system. If you have any further questions, please reach out to your advisor.

7. Donate to Charity
When? Before 12/31.

Donating to charity is an incredible way to support your community. It could also be a smart way to avoid capital gains taxes. Additionally, if you itemize your taxes instead of taking the standard deduction, charitable donations could enable you to deduct even more!

8. Check Your Beneficiaries
When? Once annually.

It’s a good practice to check your beneficiaries on your accounts at least annually. A beneficiary will receive the funds in your account if you pass away. To check your beneficiaries on accounts, log onto your account’s custodian online to verify.

9. Line Up a Tax Specialist for Filing your Taxes
When? By January.

Consider working with a tax professional, such as a CPA or EA, for your tax preparation. Not only will working with a tax professional make sure your taxes are filed accurately and on time, but it will save you time and reduce stress. If you’re interested in working with a tax professional and want a referral, please reach out to your advisor.

  

Financial Planning for Vacations

Planning your dream vacation starts now! Here’s a tip: instead of scrambling to pay for your trips last minute, why not save a little each month?

1️⃣ Estimate your yearly travel expenses.
2️⃣ Break it down into a monthly savings goal.
3️⃣ Automate savings into a high-yield savings account.
4️⃣ Enjoy guilt-free vacations knowing it’s all covered!

Even if you don’t have travel plans yet, we recommend still saving ahead. That way, you can pack your bags stress-free when the opportunity arises.

“One fun conversation we have with a lot of clients is financial planning and helping you plan for vacations for the year. Sometimes people will come to us and just say “I booked the vacation and I’m going to pay for it over the next couple months,” and so what we typically recommend is let’s try to first figure out how much are you going to spend in the year on vacation and then once we know that are we able to back up into a monthly savings amount so that we can just automate savings into a high yield savings account.

So we’re putting $300 into the high yield savings account every month that’s earning us 4% to 5% and then when that vacation comes up later in the year, I can just pull that money out and I know it’s taken care of. Or even backing into if I have a big trip this year I’m traveling internationally, how much do I think that’s going to cost? Looking at lodging, airfare, transportation, food and then maybe even adding an extra 1 to 2 thousand on top of that just to give you peace of mind. And then backing into that monthly savings number and saving money that way. And then also it’s powerful if you don’t have travel planned or trip planned still saving so that when it does come up you know the money’s there and you can go guilt-free.

If you don’t want to save every month for travel maybe it’s just: I know all my other goals have been taken care of through monthly savings and when I get a lump sum, maybe through a bonus or other form of lump sums, you just throw that into a travel bucket and you know the money’s there and that it can be taken care of.”

Tying Equity Compensation to Your Financial Goals

Receiving company stock as part of your compensation package is a great perk offered by many companies. To maximize this benefit, it’s essential to plan ahead and make the most of your equity compensation by aligning it to your own financial goals.

“One thing I like to help clients think about is tying their equity compensation to their financial goals. We’ve had many clients who will use the proceeds from their stock awards to purchase a new home or to fund their kids education, so it’s really important to have a plan for your equity compensation and to know what you’ll do with the proceeds when you receive them.”

Chat with Commas at No Cost

Curious about Commas but not sure where to begin? Our 30-minute intro meeting is non-committal and helps us to understand your financial goals and needs, answer your questions, and ensure we’re the perfect match for you and your family. Schedule yours here.

“Are you curious if Commas is a good fit for you? Well, that’s why we have our intro meeting. This 30 minute meeting allows us to figure out what prompted you to reach out, a little bit about your financial situation, what you’re looking for, what your goals are, answer any questions that you might have and ultimately make sure that you feel like Commas is the right fit for you and your family. So, if you’re interested in Commas, click the let’s talk button in the corner of our website and schedule your intro meeting today.”

Should You Put Less than 20% Down on a Home?

Buying a home doesn’t have to mean sacrificing your retirement goals! With PMI becoming more affordable and various loan options available, you might not need to put 20% down. Talk to a financial advisor to find the best balance for your savings goals.

“When it comes to saving for a home, it can be a very overwhelming and daunting conversation to have and a lot of times you’re thinking, ‘How much do I really need to save for my down payment for a home?’ Typically, you’ve heard save 20% for a down payment on a home. A lot of times, this is directly related to avoiding PMI insurance, which is an additional insurance that banks want to charge you when you don’t have 20% of equity in your home. But, what this can do is actually lead you to maybe giving up some of the retirement goals that you could be saving for as well as your home down payment goals.

Nowadays lenders are now really making sure that borrowers are vetted with making sure that you’ve had two years of consistent income, that you have a good debt to income ratio. Because of this, the PMI insurance has actually really come down and become more affordable than it used to be. So it could be that saving 20% doesn’t necessarily make sense for you and that you could get into a home with maybe 15%, 10%, 5%. There’s actually conventional loans that you only need 3% down. There’s a lot of government loans and programs where you don’t have to have the traditional 20% down payment so it’s really important to have a plan to be talking to a financial advisor in order to see what is the best down payment for you it can really depend on cash flow, long-term savings goals, all these different things.

You don’t have to put retirement on the side or the back burner in order to get into your dream home. Having these conversations with a financial advisor could really help you determine the best balance between coming up with a home down payment and saving for your short-term and long-term goals.”

You’ve Got the Job, Now What?

From a young age, it’s all about studying hard, getting good grades, and landing a great job. But once you’re in the workforce, there’s not one right answer for how to handle your money. Schedule a meeting with Commas to let us guide through achieving your goals.

“My entire life started with, in school, focus on doing the things you need to do: studying and and getting good grades so that eventually you could get into a good college and get scholarships. And then in college, it’s continue to do the same things in order to get a good job so that you can pursue what you’re interested in but also make some money. Then it it kind of stops and and you’re thrown out into the world and you have a job and and you’re accumulating money but so many people don’t have a next step.

It’s crazy because you’ve spent all of that time leading up to getting this job and and getting a paycheck and then it’s kind of an open world on on what you do with it. Everybody’s experience with money is different and some people are natural savers and some people like to spend more and you can make mistakes to the extremes in either direction but financial security is about helping people find that balance of enjoying what they have next but saving prudently so that you can live the same type of lifestyle later.

It it doesn’t come natural, and there’s all this attention on the front end of studying, getting good grades, and getting a good job but there’s so much less attention on on the back end of that and that’s that’s where we step in.”

Sharing a Vision with Your Partner

Shared visions lead to shared successes. When you work together with your partner towards a common vision, achieving your dreams becomes quicker and easier.

“I think one of the keys to having a successful financial partnership with your spouse is to have a shared vision. Often times, I’ll work with a couple and each member of the couple might have very different visions for how they want to use their family’s resources. When you have competing objectives you end up going in opposite directions but if you can work together you really see that you can achieve your financial goals faster and achieve the life that you want to live quicker.”